fail

fail
fail [feɪl]
1. intransitive verb
   a. ( = be unsuccessful) échouer ; [business] faire faillite
• to fail in an exam/in Latin échouer à un examen/en latin
• to fail by five votes échouer à cinq voix près
• to fail miserably échouer lamentablement
• he failed in his attempt to take control of the company sa tentative de prendre le contrôle de la société a échoué
   b. ( = grow weak) [hearing, health] décliner ; [eyesight] baisser ; [invalid, voice] s'affaiblir
• his heart failed il a eu une défaillance cardiaque
• the daylight was beginning to fail le jour commençait à baisser
   c. ( = run short) manquer
• crops failed because of the drought la sécheresse a détruit les récoltes
   d. ( = break down) [engine] tomber en panne ; [brakes] lâcher
2. transitive verb
   a. [+ examination] échouer à
• to fail Latin échouer en latin
• he's a failed writer c'est un écrivain raté
   b. [+ candidate] recaler (inf)
   c. ( = let down) [+ business partner] manquer à ses engagements envers ; [+ friend] décevoir
• he felt that he'd failed his family il avait le sentiment d'avoir manqué à ses devoirs envers sa famille
• words fail me! les mots me manquent !
• his memory often fails him sa mémoire le trahit souvent
   d. ( = omit) to fail to do manquer de faire
• he never fails to write il ne manque jamais d'écrire
• he failed to visit her il a omis de lui rendre visite
• he failed to meet the deadline il n'est pas parvenu à respecter les délais
• he failed to keep his word il a manqué à sa parole
• he failed to turn up for dinner il ne s'est pas montré au dîner
• they failed to get an agreement ils ne sont pas parvenus à un accord
• she never fails to amaze me elle me surprendra toujours
• I fail to see why je ne vois pas pourquoi
• he was fined for failing to stop at a red light il a eu une contravention pour avoir brûlé un feu rouge
3. noun
• without fail [happen] immanquablement ; [come, do] chaque fois
• every morning without fail, she takes the dog for a walk chaque matin sans exception, elle sort son chien
• you must take these tablets every day without fail il faut que vous preniez ces cachets tous les jours sans faute
4. compounds
► fail-safe adjective à sûreté intégrée
* * *
[feɪl] 1.
noun School, University échec m
2.
without fail adverbial phrase [arrive, do] sans faute; [happen] à coup sûr
3.
transitive verb
1) School, University échouer à [exam, driving test]; échouer en or être collé (colloq) en [subject]; coller (colloq) [candidate, pupil]
2) (omit)

to fail to do — manquer de faire

to fail to keep one's word — manquer à ses promesses

it never fails to work — ça marche à tous les coups

to fail to mention that... — omettre de signaler que...

3) (be unable)

to fail to do — ne pas réussir à faire

one could hardly fail to notice that... — il était évident que...

I fail to understand why — je n'arrive pas à comprendre pourquoi

4) (let down) laisser tomber [friend]; manquer à ses engagements envers [dependant, supporter]; [courage] manquer à [person]; [memory] faire défaut à [person]
4.
intransitive verb
1) (be unsuccessful) [exam candidate] échouer, être collé (colloq); [attempt, plan] échouer

to fail in one's duty — manquer or faillir à son devoir

if all else fails — en dernier recours

2) (weaken) [eyesight, hearing, light] baisser; [health, person] décliner
3) (not function) [brakes] lâcher; [engine] tomber en panne; [power, water supply] être coupé
4) Agriculture [crop] être mauvais
5) (go bankrupt) faire faillite
6) Medicine [heart] lâcher

his liver failed — il a eu une défaillance du foie

5.
failed past participle adjective [actor, writer] raté (colloq)

English-French dictionary. 2013.

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